Gluten-Free Labeling Rules: US vs EU

Both the US and the EU cap "gluten-free" at 20 parts per million — the FDA under 21 CFR 101.91, the EU under Regulation (EU) No 828/2014. The differences sit around the edges: the EU adds a "very low gluten" tier at 100 mg/kg and specific oats rules; the US adds a records-based regime for fermented foods. Compliance is self-declared in both — certification is the independent layer on top.